In our previous article, we discussed the potential complications of bone grafting. We warned that smoking is strictly forbidden to those suffering from bone deficiency. We are now going to tell you why. 
In this article, we are discussing the following topics:
- Bone grafting in brief
- General harmful effects of smoking
- Dental-related risks caused by smoking
- Does smoking affect the jaw?
- How long should you not smoke after bone reconstruction?
Bone grafting in brief
Bone deficiencies of the jaw used to be considered serious challenges in medical science. With the application of a revolutionary method of bone grafting, however, bones missing from the jaw can be replaced and reconstructed today. Following bone grafting, the new living bones may start to develop. Thanks to this method, we are now able to provide a solid base in the oral cavity for inserting dental implants.
What causes bone loss? Can smoking be the cause?
Bone deficiencies in the jaw may be a result of wearing a prosthesis for a long period, as well as advanced periodontitis or the loss of teeth as a result of trauma. The smoking is a serious risk in the development of the disease.
General harmful effects of smoking
It is a standard protocol before any surgery that the doctor assesses the general condition of the patient. Bone grafting surgeries are no exception, as the general condition of the patient has a direct impact on the success of the intervention. Cigarette smoke contains several harmful substances: tar, carbon monoxide, nicotine, polycyclic hydrocarbons, hydrocyanic acid, arsenic, etc. Smokers are usually less healthy than their non-smoking counterparts. The process and success of bone grafting surgery depend on the following risks caused by smoking: 
- vascular contraction, the risk of a heart attack, coronary artery diseases,
- cancerous diseases and cancer lesions,
- diabetes,
- arthritis,
- psychiatric disorders (anxiety, eating disorder…),
- fecundity disorder,
- problems related to the protection mechanism of the immune system, etc.
Generally speaking, smoking has harmful effects on most organs and may be a risk factor when it comes to several diseases. The doctor is obliged to pay particular attention to the general well-being of smokers during bone grafting. Before the procedure, they must ask for and assess thoroughly the general health condition of the patient, with regard to the risk factors listed above.
Dental-related risks caused by smoking
In general, smoking has a negative effect on the success of most therapeutic procedures carried out in the oral cavity. As a result of smoking, the following diseases might affect the oral cavity more frequently:
Prolonged wound healing, The risk of gum disease and infection: Smoking weakens the immune system, increasing the risk of periodontitis (severe gum disease). Gum infections can lead to jaw pain, swollen gums, and even bone loss. Bone loss in the jaw: Smoking accelerates bone loss in the jaw, leading to weakened support for teeth and discomfort. This can make chewing painful and increase the risk of toothless gingivitis. Plaque build-up, periodontitis, Dry mouth & oral irritation: Smoking reduces saliva production, leading to dry mouth, which can cause jaw discomfort, inflammation, and difficulty chewing. A dry mouth also increases the risk of infections, which may cause further pain. Oral cancer lesions: Long-term smoking increases the risk of oral cancer, which can present as persistent jaw pain, sores, or swelling. Caries on the tooth and the root, Tooth discolouration, etc….
Does smoking make temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disease worse?
Nicotine reduces blood flow to the jaw muscles and joints, leading to stiffness, pain, and discomfort in the TMJ (jaw joint). Smoking can also cause teeth grinding (bruxism), worsening TMJ pain.
Can smoking cause jaw pain?
Yes. The diseases mentioned above can cause jaw pain after bone grafting and delay wound healing, and in more severe cases, the procedure itself can be compromised.
Can jaw pain be caused by smoking?
Yes, you can smoke with dental implants, but it is strongly discouraged because smoking significantly increases the risk of implant failure and the other complications listed above.
Does smoking affect the jaw?
Yes, smoking has a significant negative impact on the jaw and overall oral health. Unfortunately, the issues listed here might all influence the bone grafting procedure, its success, and the effectiveness of the general dental bone graft healing process. Smoking may affect both the period preceding and following the bone grafting surgery.
Harmful effects of smoking before bone grafting
We distinguish between three main methods of bone grafting: bone grafting using the patient’s own bone, a donor’s bone, or a synthetic substance. In our previous article, we warned that doctors always make a decision on the applicable method based on their consultation with the patient and the patient’s general condition. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages, but smoking may limit the opportunities – it may directly affect which method of bone grafting the doctor can apply.
Harmful effects of smoking after bone grafting
Potential risks of bone grafting include inflammation and haemorrhage. Smoking generally limits the blood supply of the surgical site. This condition might have serious consequences. The toxins and nicotine that tobacco contains tighten the blood vessels, and as a result, a significantly smaller amount of waste and harmful substances may leave the surgical site during circulation. Furthermore, tightened vessels will be able to transport less oxygen and nutrition. These processes may all affect the adequate healing of the wound following the bone grafting surgery.
Does smoking stop bone healing?
Generally no, but smoking significantly slows down bone healing and can even stop it in severe cases. Due to the issues listed above, our doctor will draw your attention to the fact that you should not smoke during the period following surgery.
How long should you not smoke after bone reconstruction?
Yes, you can smoke with dental implants, but it is strongly discouraged because smoking significantly increases the risk of implant failure and other complications. Here’s why:
What if you can’t quit smoking?
If quitting is difficult, follow these tips to reduce risks:
- Avoid smoking for at least 1-2 weeks before and after surgery to improve healing.
- Maintain excellent oral hygiene to prevent infections.
- Visit your dentist regularly for checkups and professional cleanings.
- Use nicotine patches instead of smoking during the healing phase.
Read more about dental bone loss preventation, reverse dental bone loss
